Why DKA Causes Dehydration

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to dehydration if left untreated. When your blood sugar levels are high, your body can't use glucose for energy. Instead, it breaks down fat and muscle for energy, which produces ketones as a byproduct. Ketones are acidic and can build up in your blood, leading to DKA.

Dehydration occurs when you lose more fluids than you take in. In DKA, you lose fluids through increased urination, vomiting, and diarrhea. This can lead to a decrease in blood volume, which can cause shock. In severe cases, DKA can be fatal.

Symptoms of DKA

The symptoms of DKA can include:

• High blood sugar levels (over 240 mg/dL)
• Ketones in your urine
• Frequent urination
• Thirst
• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Abdominal pain
• Confusion
• Drowsiness
• Coma

Causes of DKA

DKA is most often caused by:

• Not taking enough insulin. This is the most common cause of DKA.
• Getting sick. Illness can cause your blood sugar levels to rise, which can lead to DKA.
• Surgery or other stress. These events can also cause your blood sugar levels to rise.

Treatment for DKA

DKA is a medical emergency. If you think you may have DKA, call 911 immediately. Treatment for DKA typically involves:

• Fluids. You will be given fluids through an IV to replace the fluids you have lost.
• Insulin. You will be given insulin to lower your blood sugar levels.
• Potassium. You may also be given potassium to replace the potassium you have lost through urination.

Preventing DKA

The best way to prevent DKA is to manage your diabetes well. This includes:

• Taking your insulin as prescribed.
• Testing your blood sugar levels regularly.
• Eating a healthy diet.
• Getting regular exercise.
• Getting sick. If you get sick, be sure to monitor your blood sugar levels closely. If your blood sugar levels start to rise, contact your doctor immediately.

Conclusion

DKA is a serious complication of diabetes that can lead to dehydration. Dehydration can be fatal if left untreated. If you think you may have DKA, call 911 immediately.

Frequently Asked Questions

• What are the symptoms of dehydration?

The symptoms of dehydration can include thirst, dry mouth, decreased urination, fatigue, and confusion.

• What are the causes of dehydration?

Dehydration can be caused by many things, including DKA, diarrhea, vomiting, and excessive sweating.

• How is dehydration treated?

Dehydration is typically treated with fluids and electrolytes. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.

• How can I prevent dehydration?

You can prevent dehydration by drinking plenty of fluids, especially when exercising or sweating. You should also eat a healthy diet and get regular exercise.

• When should I call the doctor?

You should call the doctor if you think you may be dehydrated. If you have DKA, you should call 911 immediately.