What is Asymmetric Occipital Malformation (AOM)?

Asymmetric Occipital Malformation (AOM) is a birth defect that affects the shape of the back of the head. It is characterized by a prominent bulge (protrusion) on one side of the occipital bone (the bone at the back of the skull), and a corresponding flattening on the other side. This asymmetry can range from mild to severe, and it may be accompanied by other abnormalities, such as a shallow groove or indentation on the affected side of the skull. AOM is a relatively rare condition, affecting about 1 in 5,000 babies born each year.

Causes of AOM

The exact cause of AOM is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. In some cases, AOM may be associated with other conditions, such as chromosomal abnormalities (such as trisomy 13 and trisomy 18) or intrauterine infections. In most cases, however, there is no known cause for AOM.

Symptoms of AOM

The most common symptom of AOM is an asymmetry in the shape of the back of the head. This asymmetry may be noticeable at birth, or it may develop over the first few months of life. In some cases, AOM may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as:

• Delayed motor skills
• Speech problems
• Difficulty feeding
• Seizures
• Hearing loss
• Vision problems

Diagnosis of AOM

AOM is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination of the baby's head. In some cases, additional tests, such as an X-ray or a CT scan, may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for AOM

Treatment for AOM depends on the severity of the condition. In some cases, no treatment is necessary. In other cases, surgery may be needed to correct the asymmetry in the shape of the head. Surgery is typically performed before the baby is 1 year old.

Prognosis for AOM

The prognosis for AOM depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. In general, the prognosis is good for babies with mild AOM. However, babies with severe AOM may have lifelong disabilities.

Frequently Asked Questions about AOM

1. What causes AOM?

The exact cause of AOM is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.

2. What are the symptoms of AOM?

The most common symptom of AOM is an asymmetry in the shape of the back of the head. This asymmetry may be noticeable at birth, or it may develop over the first few months of life. In some cases, AOM may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as delayed motor skills, speech problems, difficulty feeding, seizures, hearing loss, and vision problems.

3. How is AOM diagnosed?

AOM is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination of the baby's head. In some cases, additional tests, such as an X-ray or a CT scan, may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.

4. What is the treatment for AOM?

Treatment for AOM depends on the severity of the condition. In some cases, no treatment is necessary. In other cases, surgery may be needed to correct the asymmetry in the shape of the head. Surgery is typically performed before the baby is 1 year old.

5. What is the prognosis for AOM?

The prognosis for AOM depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. In general, the prognosis is good for babies with mild AOM. However, babies with severe AOM may have lifelong disabilities.